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高校马克思主义理论研究  2021, Vol. 7 Issue (4): 103-111    
青年学者论坛
抗战时期美国援华救济联合会述论1
王博伟
The Discussion on the American Relief Association for China During the Anti-Japanese War
Bowei Wang
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摘要: 

抗日战争是近代以来中国反击帝国主义侵略的一次伟大斗争。抗战时期,以美国援华救济联合会为代表的美国民间组织通过多样化的宣传手段塑造积极抗战的中国形象,从而成功动员美国民众对华募捐,助力中国抗战建国事业。然而,其塑造的中国形象以美式价值观为核心,援助表面基于人道精神,实则以美国的国家利益为准绳。显性救济和隐性殖民是美国援华的双重面相,意识形态斗争是近代中国抗战建国的一条隐秘主线,只有与帝国主义彻底划清界限,中华民族才能真正迎来独立与解放。

关键词 抗日战争美国援华救济联合会中美关系民间外交    
出版日期: 2022-04-02
作者简介: 王博伟,清华大学马克思主义学院博士研究生。
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王博伟. 抗战时期美国援华救济联合会述论1[J]. 高校马克思主义理论研究, 2021, 7(4): 103-111.
Bowei Wang. The Discussion on the American Relief Association for China During the Anti-Japanese War. Studies on Marxist Theory in Higher Education, 2021, 7(4): 103-111.

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http://smthe.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/      或      http://smthe.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2021/V7/I4/103

表1  美国援华救济联合会1941—1945年募款情况 (单位:美元)
[1] United China Relief:Five year report(1941—1945),1946.6[Z].Bettis Alston Garside papers,Box 3,Hoover Institution Archives.
[2] 杰斯普森T.克里斯托弗·.美国的中国形象:1931—1949[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,2010:58-59.
[3] 美助华七团体已成立联合组织[N].申报,1941-06-02(7).
[4] United China Relief,Inc.National headquarters[J].News of United China Relief,1942,1(1):5.
[5] 美联合救济难民会在渝设办事处加强与纽约总会联络研究建设性救济计划[N].申报,1942-04-10(2).
[6] UCR Establishes two key groups[J].News of United China Relief,1942,1(3):1,6.
[7] 美国联合援华会.介绍基督教社会福利事业[J].天风,1949(165):13.
[8] Willkie will help united China relief[N].The New York Times,1942-02-16(13).
[9] United China Relief information[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(5):4.
[10] J.Arthur Duff to Paul G.Hoffman,1943.3.6[Z].Stanley Kuhl Hornbeck papers,Box 54,Hoover Institution Archives.
[11] Alfred Kohlberg to Thomas A.Edison,1944.11.21[Z].Alfred Kohlberg Collection,Box 191,Hoover Institution Archives.
[12] 中国第二历史档案馆.曾虚白工作日记(四)[J].民国档案,2001(1):34-46.
[13] 张牧云.抗战时期中共与保卫中国同盟、美国援华会的医疗援助互动[J].党史研究与教学,2019(5):66-67.
[14] 毛泽东周恩来同志招待各国援华团体[N].新华日报,1945-09-09(2).
[15] Glosser Susan,et al.When the “Yellow Peril” became just like us:How WWII changed American perceptions of China[M].Oregon:Berberis Press,2016:6-10.
[16] Record gifts to China lead to new high in activity[J].News of China,1944,3(2):1.
[17] China relief and the churches 1943[Z].United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) (1943—1946),AG-018-013,S-1267-0000-0347-00002,United Nations Archives.
[18] China,first to fight! 1943[Z].United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)(1943—1946),AG-018-013,S-1267-0000-0347-00002,United Nations Archives.
[19] U.C.R.Activity,Aid To China on increase[J].News of China,1945,4(1):1.
[20] China Foods Pique Palates of New Yorkers[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(7):7.
[21] For “Victory”[J].News of China,1944,3(2):3.
[22] A treat for you! It's Don-Jan-Yu[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(6):4.
[23] Significant increase in China interest results from outstanding exhibit[J].News of China,1944,3(4):6.
[24] 476 essays on China in Iowa contest[J].News of China,1944,3(2):2.
[25] China relief tops goal of $7,000,000[N].The New York Times,1943-01-05(40).
[26] 美国援华救济联合会来函关于补助中国教授生活事[N].大公报(重庆),1942-11-29(3).
[27] Dr.McConaughy sees good will in China[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(1):8.
[28] Big drug shipment gets to northwest hospitals[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(11):3.
[29] Copycat![J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(11):5.
[30] Dr.Lim credits ABMAC with great service[J].News of China,1944,3(5):7.
[31] Indusco and FAU assist as flood country is reborn[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(9):7.
[32] 51 Honan boys in CIC school[J].News of China,1944,3(1):5.
[33] 中央大学教授同人致全国大学教授书[N].大公报(重庆),1942-11-10(2).
[34] Typical Chinese undergraduates[J].News of United China Relief,1942,1(4):3.
[35] Children's homes rescue 600 famine-area orphans[J].News of United China Relief,1943,2(12):5.
[36] Orphans “Graduate” to Vital Tasks[J].News of China,1944,3(2):7.
[37] Inflation scourge seems to repeat[J].News of China,1944,3(3):3.
[38] “Always Needed China,” says Edison[J].News of China,1944,3(3):1,3.
[39] 何大章,陈红军主编.挚友情深:宋庆龄与爱泼斯坦、邱茉莉往来书信(1941-1981)[M].北京:中央文献出版社,2012:11-14.
[40] B.A.Garside to Alfred Kohlberg,1947.5.2[Z].Alfred Kohlberg Collection,Box 191,Hoover Institution Archives.
[41] 上海宋庆龄故居纪念馆编.宋庆龄书信选编[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,2012:77-79.
[42] 董必武.新中国的救济福利事业 一九五零年四月二十六日在中国人民救济代表会议上的报告[N].人民日报,1950-05-05(1).
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